Tooth sensitivity can turn everyday activities into uncomfortable experiences. That first sip of hot coffee in the morning or a bite of cold ice cream can trigger a sharp, unexpected pain. While tooth sensitivity is a common issue, many people aren't sure what causes it—or what can be done to treat it.

At Cape Fear Smile in Wilmington, NC, we help patients of all ages understand the source of their sensitivity and find personalized solutions that bring long-lasting relief.

Understanding Tooth Sensitivity

Tooth sensitivity, also known as dentin hypersensitivity, occurs when the inner layer of your teeth—called dentin—becomes exposed. Dentin contains small tubules that lead directly to the tooth’s nerve. When enamel wears down or gums recede, the dentin becomes vulnerable, allowing heat, cold, sweet, or acidic substances to stimulate the nerves and cause discomfort.

This pain may feel like a quick, sharp twinge or a lingering ache. It can happen occasionally or become a persistent problem, depending on the underlying cause.

Common Causes of Tooth Sensitivity

1. Enamel Erosion

Enamel is the hard outer layer of your teeth, and it can wear down over time due to:

• Brushing too aggressively
• Using a hard-bristled toothbrush
• Consuming acidic foods and drinks (like soda, citrus, or wine)
• Teeth grinding or clenching (bruxism)

Once enamel erodes, the dentin beneath is exposed, leading to sensitivity.

2. Gum Recession

Gums naturally recede with age, but aggressive brushing or gum disease can accelerate the process. When the roots of your teeth become exposed, you may experience pain or discomfort from temperature changes or pressure.

3. Tooth Decay or Damage

Cavities, chipped teeth, or cracked fillings can create pathways to the inner tooth, leading to heightened sensitivity.

4. Post-Dental Procedures

Sometimes sensitivity occurs after dental treatments like fillings, crowns, or teeth whitening. This is usually temporary, but if it persists, your dentist should evaluate it.

5. Plaque Buildup

Excessive plaque can wear away enamel and irritate the gums, causing or worsening sensitivity.

How Tooth Sensitivity Is Diagnosed

At Cape Fear Smile, we begin with a comprehensive dental examination, which may include:

• Discussing your symptoms and triggers
• Evaluating your brushing habits and oral hygiene routine
• Inspecting teeth for damage or decay
• Checking for signs of gum disease or recession
• Taking digital X-rays to view deeper issues

This thorough approach allows us to determine the exact cause of your sensitivity and recommend the most effective treatment.

Treatments for Tooth Sensitivity

Fortunately, tooth sensitivity is highly treatable. Depending on the severity and underlying cause, your dentist may recommend one or more of the following:

1. Desensitizing Toothpaste

Toothpastes designed for sensitivity help block nerve signals. Regular use can significantly reduce discomfort over time.

2. Fluoride Treatments

Professional fluoride applications strengthen enamel and reduce sensitivity. These can be done in-office and may be prescribed for at-home use as well.

3. Dental Bonding

If gum recession has exposed root surfaces, your dentist may apply a tooth-colored resin to cover them, reducing exposure to stimuli.

4. Gum Grafting

For severe gum recession, gum graft surgery can restore lost gum tissue and cover sensitive roots.

5. Fillings, Crowns, or Root Canals

If a cavity or fracture is causing pain, repairing or replacing the damaged area can restore comfort. In cases where the nerve is involved, a root canal may be necessary.

Preventing Tooth Sensitivity

To avoid recurring sensitivity, it’s important to maintain strong oral hygiene and healthy habits:

• Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and brush gently
• Avoid acidic foods and drinks when possible
• Use toothpaste with fluoride
• Wear a nightguard if you grind your teeth
• Visit your dentist twice a year for cleanings and checkups

Take the First Step Toward Relief

Tooth sensitivity shouldn’t stop you from enjoying your favorite foods and drinks. At Cape Fear Smile in Wilmington, we take the time to understand your symptoms, identify the root cause, and provide lasting treatment solutions tailored to your smile.

Call us today to schedule your consultation and reclaim your comfort with expert dental care.